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 WALL FOUNDATIONS
Firstly mark out either the front, rear or centre line of the wall on the ground.
Excavate the soil to the full depth and width of the foundation, but always down to solid
ground.
As a general rule foundations should be at least 150mm. deep and at least 200mm. wider than the thickness of the wall.
Concrete for foundations should be cement : sand : aggregate mixed in the ratio 1:3:6. Any soft spots or over-excavation should be filled with weak concrete not rammed earth.
MIXING CONCRETE & MORTAR
Mix the cement, sand and aggregate first in the correct proportions
until evenly mixed, an even grey colour.
Add water a little at a time until the required consistency is achieved.
A good general mortar mix for paving and walling is 1:5 (cement to
soft builder’s sand) measured, by volume.
SUB - BASES FOR PAVING
Mark out the area to be paved and excavate to the required depth. All topsoil must be removed. Thus
giving an indication of the depth required for a sound foundation. A minimum of 100-150mm is
considered prudent for garden paths.
Compact bottom of excavation, add and compact crushed stone, hardcore etc. to the required level,
allowing sufficient depth below finished level for the thickness of paving and base. The thickness of the
sub - base will need to be increased if vehicular traffic is to travel on the paving.
Trent Stone & Walling will be pleased to price up your stone walling requirement. Hand dressed walling, copings
and dry stone walling are crafted at a local quarry. A Skip Hire and Miniskip Hire service is also available.
This fact sheet is a service provided by TRENT STONE. Suppliers of Bulwell Stone, Rockery & Walling,
Pavings, Decorative Gravels/chippings and sawn stone materials.
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Real Stone for Real People 
